TREATMENT ISSUES
What is treatment?
According two the American Psychological Association (2023), treatment is "the administration of appropriate measures (e.g., psychotherapy) that are designed to relieve a pathological condition" (para. 1).
As for psychotherapy, it is defined as "a type of treatment that can help individuals experiencing a wide array of mental health conditions and emotional challenges. Psychotherapy can help not only alleviate symptoms, but also, certain types of psychotherapies can help identify the psychological root causes of one’s condition so a person can function better and have enhanced emotional well-being and healing"
(American Psychiatric Association, 2023, para. 1).
While no conclusions should be made about any diagnosis before meeting with a mental health professional, if interested, you could take a mental health test through Mental Health America here: https://screening.mhanational.org/screening-tools/
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2023). What is psychotherapy? Patients and Families. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/psychotherapy
American Psychological Association. (2023). Treatment. APA Dictionary of Psychology. https://dictionary.apa.org/treatment
Below is a list of common issues that lead to treatment:
· Addiction
· ADHD
· Alcohol Use
· Anger Management
· Antisocial Personality
· Anxiety
· Behavioral Issues
· Bipolar Disorders
· Borderline Personality (BPD)
· Career Counseling
· Children
· Chronic Illness
· Chronic Impulsivity
· Codependency
· College-Related Issues
· Coping Skills
· Depression
· Developmental Disorders
· Dissociation
· Divorce & Coparenting
· Domestic Abuse
· Domestic Violence
· Drug Abuse
· Dual Diagnosis
· Education & Learning Disabilities
· Emotional Disturbance
· Family Conflict
· Fertility Issues
· Grief (Acute & Prolonged)
· Impulse Control Disorders
· Infidelity
· Internet Addiction
· Job-Related Issues
· LGBTGEQIAP+ Issues
· Life Coaching
· Life Transitions
· Men's Issues
· Military Issues
· Mood Disorders
· Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
· Panic Attacks
· Peer Relationships
· Personality Disorders
· Phase of Life Issues
· Pregnancy, Prenatal, Postpartum
· Psychosis (Hallucinations)
· Relationship Issues
· Schizophrenia
· School Issues
· Self Esteem
· Self-Harming
· Sex Therapy
· Sexual Abuse
· Sexual Addiction
· Sleep or Insomnia
· Social Anxiety
· Spirituality
· Stress
· Substance Use
· Suicidal Ideation
· Thinking Disorders
· Trauma and PTSD
· Women's Issues
My Specialties
Addictions & Substance Abuse
Christian Counseling
Chronic Illness
Chronic Pain
Mood Disorders
Phase of Life Issues
Psychosis
Relationship Issues
Self-Harm
Suicide & Self-Harm Ideation
Trauma, Abuse, & Dissociation
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5-TR
"The [DSM-5-TR], is the most comprehensive, current, and critical resource for clinical practice available to today's mental health clinicians and researchers ... [with contributions from over 200 industry experts across the field]" (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2022, p. xxi).
Interested in learning about treatment issues?
Below you will find descriptions of some classifications of diagnoses that people might struggle to manage, either known or unbeknownst to them. Feel free to read about each of them or other classifications of interest!
As a caution, you are discouraged from self-diagnosis and encouraged to wait until a qualified mental health professional is seen before reaching any conclusions about any particular diagnosis applying to yourself or to others. ◡̈
While the below list is not comprehensive of all diagnoses that exist, it does reflect those diagnoses with which I have worked in the treatment setting. Disorder classifications are written in the order in which they appear in the
DSM-5-TR (APA, 2022).
Table of Contents
DSM-5-TR Diagnoses
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
"The neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of conditions with onset in the developmental period. The disorders typically manifest early in development, often before the child enters school, and are characterized by developmental deficits or differences in brain processes that produce impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning" (APA, 2022, p. 36).
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Combined Presentation, Primarily Inattentive, Primarily Hyperactive/Impulsive
Specified Learning Disorder
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
"Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders include schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders, and schizotypal (personality) disorder. They are defined by abnormalities in one or more of the following five domains: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking (speech), grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior (including catatonia), and negative symptoms" (APA, 2022, p. 102).
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Delusional Disorder
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Schizophreniform Disorder
Schizophrenia
Schizoaffective Disorder
Bipolar and Related Disorders
"Bipolar I disorder criteria represent the classic manic-depressive disorder ... neither psychosis nor the lifetime experience of a major depressive episode (MDE) is required...Bipolar II disorder, requires the lifetime experience of at least 1 MDE and at least 1 hypomanic episode (no history of mania) ... Cyclothymic disorder is given to adults who experience at least 2 years of both hypomanic and depressive periods without ever meeting criteria for mania, hypomania, or MDE" (APA,2022,p. 140).
Bipolar I Disorder
Bipolar II Disorder
Cyclothymic Disorder
Depressive Disorders
"The common feature of all of these disorders is the presence of sad, empty, or irritable mood, accompanied by related changes that significantly affect the individual’s capacity to function (e.g., somatic and cognitive changes in major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder). What differs among them are issues of duration, timing, or presumed etiology" (APA, 2022, p. 178).
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Major Depressive Disorder
Persistent Depressive Disorder
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Depressive Disorder due to Another Medical Condition
Anxiety Disorders
"Anxiety disorders include disorders that share features of excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbances. Fear is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat, whereas anxiety is anticipation of future threat ... The anxiety disorders differ from one another in the types of objects or situations that induce fear, anxiety, or avoidance behavior, and the associated cognition" (APA, 2022, p. 216).
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Specific Phobia
Animal, Natural Environment, Blood-injection-injury, Blood, Injections and Transfusions, Other Medical Care, Injury, Situational, Other
Social Anxiety Disorder
Performance Anxiety
Panic Disorder
Agoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety Disorder due to Another Medical Condition
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
"OCD is characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced as intrusive and unwanted, whereas compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly ... others are also characterized by preoccupations and repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to preoccupations" (APA, 2022, p. 264).
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Hoarding Disorder
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling)
Excoriation (Skin-Picking)
Substance/Medication-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
With obsessive-compulsive disorder–like symptoms, appearance preoccupations, hoarding symptoms, hair-pulling symptoms, skin-picking symptoms
Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
"Psychological distress following exposure to a traumatic or stressful event is quite variable. In some cases, symptoms can be well understood within an anxiety- or fear-based context. It is clear, however, that many individuals who have been exposed to a traumatic or stressful event exhibit anhedonia, dysphoria, angry, or dissociative symptoms" (APA, 2022, p. 296).
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
With and Without Dissociative Symptoms
Acute Stress Disorder
Adjustment Disorders
Acute, Persistent
Prolonged Grief Disorder
Dissociative Disorders
"Dissociative disorders are characterized by a disruption of and/or discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior. Dissociative symptoms can potentially disrupt every area of psychological functioning. Dissociative disorders are frequently found in the aftermath of a wide variety of psychologically traumatic experiences in children, adolescents, and adults" (APA, 2022, p. 330).
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Formerly Multiple Personality Disorder
Dissociative Amnesia
With Dissociative Fugue
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
Add a description about this item
Other Specified Dissociative Disorder
Add a description about this item
Unspecified Dissociative Disorder
Add a description about this item
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
"All of the disorders in this chapter share a common feature: the prominence of somatic symptoms and/or illness anxiety associated with significant distress and impairment. Individuals with disorders with prominent somatic symptoms or illness anxiety are commonly encountered in primary care and other medical settings but are less commonly encountered in psychiatric and other mental health settings" (APA, 2022, p. 350).
Somatic Symptom Disorder
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Factitious Disorder
Feeding and Eating Disorders
"Feeding and eating disorders are characterized by a persistent disturbance of eating or eating-related behavior that results in the altered consumption or absorption of food and that significantly impairs physical health or psychosocial functioning. Some individuals with disorders described in this section report eating-related symptoms resembling those typically endorsed by individuals with substance use disorders, such as craving and patterns of compulsive use" (APA, 2022, p. 372).
Pica
Eating non-food items
Rumination Disorder
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Anorexia Nervosa
Restricting Type, Binge-eating/Purging Type
Bulimia Nervosa
Binge-Eating Disorder
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
"All drugs [or activities] that are taken in excess have in common the ability to directly activate the brain reward systems, which are involved in the reinforcement of behaviors and establishment of memories. Instead of achieving reward system activation through adaptive behaviors, these substances produce such an intense activation of the reward system that normal activities may be neglected." (APA, 2022, p. 544).
Alcohol-Related Disorders
Caffeine-Related Disorders
Cannabis-Related Disorders
Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
Inhalant-Related Disorders
Opioid-Related Disorders
Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders
Stimulant-Related Disorders
Tobacco-Related Disorders
Other (or Unknown) Substance–Related Disorders
Non-Substance-Related Disorders
Personality Disorders
"A personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from norms / expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive / inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment. Reviewing studies from several countries revealed a median prevalence of 3.6% for Cluster A disorders, 4.5% for Cluster B, 2.8% for Cluster C, and 10.5% for any personality disorder" (APA, 2022, pp. 734-735).
Cluster A Personality Disorders
Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal
Cluster B Personality Disorders
Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic
Cluster C Personality Disorders
Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive
Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
"Conditions and psychosocial or environmental problems that may be a focus of clinical attention or otherwise affect the diagnosis, course, prognosis, or treatment of an individual’s mental disorder. The conditions and problems listed in this chapter are not mental disorders. Their inclusion in DSM-5-TR is meant to draw attention to the scope of additional issues that may be encountered in treating issues" (APA, 2022, p. 822).
Suicidal Behavior and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Current or a History
Abuse and Neglect
Physical, Sexual, Psychological, Violence
Adult Maltreatment and Neglect Problems
Physical, Sexual, Psychological, Violence
Relational Problems
Parent-Child, Siblings, Family Environment, Divorce
Educational Problems
Failed School Examinations, Underachievement in School
Occupational Problems
Unemployment, Change of Job, Stressful Work Schedule, Sexual Harassment on the Job
Housing or Economic Problems
Sheltered Homelessness, Inadequate Housing
Problems Related to Interaction With the Legal System
Imprisonment or Other Incarceration, Problems Related to Release from Prison, Probation
Problems Related to Other Psychosocial, Personal, and Environmental Circums
Lifestyle, Unwanted Pregnancy, Victim of Crime, Exposure to Disaster
Circumstances of Personal History
Personal History of Psychological Trauma or Military Deployment
Other Health Service Encounters for Counseling and Medical Advice
Sex Counseling, Dietary Counseling
Additional Conditions or Problems That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
Phase of Life Problems, Religious or Spiritual Problem, Overweight or Obesity
American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders. (5th ed., text rev.).
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